FAA Military Competency Practice Exam

How does a pilot make an approach without visual references under IFR?

1. By maintaining strict communication with ATC

2. By using aircraft instruments solely

3. By depending on autopilot features

4. By performing a visual assessment before landing

The correct answer is: By using aircraft instruments solely

In an IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) approach, visual references are not available, typically due to poor weather conditions or other factors limiting visibility. Therefore, pilots must rely solely on aircraft instruments to navigate and control the aircraft during the approach phase. Using aircraft instruments allows the pilot to maintain the correct altitude, heading, and speed while descending towards the runway. Instrument flying requires proficiency in interpreting the information provided by the aircraft's instruments, including the attitude indicator, altimeter, airspeed indicator, and navigational aids such as the VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range) or GPS (Global Positioning System). In addition, IFR approaches often have published procedures that detail how to conduct the approach safely using instruments. This might include adhering to specific altitudes at various waypoints and following an established glide path. An instrument-only approach ensures that the pilot can make precise adjustments to the flight path, compensating for factors such as wind or turbulence, all of which are critical for a safe landing without visual cues.